- ἄφεσις
- ἄφεσις, έσεως, ἡ (s. ἀφίημι; Pla.+)① the act of freeing and liberating from someth. that confines, release fr. captivity (Polyb. 1, 79, 12; SIG 374, 21; PGrenf I, 64, 5; 1 Esdr 4, 62; Philo, Mut. Nom. 228 [after Lev 25:10]; Jos., Ant. 12, 40; 17, 185) Lk 4:18ab (Is 61:1; 58:6); B 3:3 (Is 58:6); 14:9 (Is 61:1).② the act of freeing from an obligation, guilt, or punishment, pardon, cancellation (Pla., Leg. 9, 869d φόνου; Diod S 20, 44, 6 ἐγκλημάτων; 32, 2, 6 τῆς τιμωρίας; Dionys. Hal. 8, 50 al.; En 13:4 and 6; Philo, Mos. 2, 147 ἀ. ἁμαρτημάτων, Spec. Leg. 1, 215; 237; Jos., Bell. 1, 481; exx. fr. ins and pap in Nägeli 56. Cp. also Dt 15:3; Jdth 11:14; 1 Macc 10:34; 13:34. For history of the word Dssm., B 94–97 [BS 98–101]) ἁμαρτιῶν forgiveness of sins i.e. cancellation of the guilt of sin (Iren. 1, 21, 2 [Harv. I 182, 4]; Theoph. Ant. 2, 16 [p. 140, 9]) Mt 26:28; Mk 1:4; Lk 1:77; 3:3; 24:47; Ac 2:38; 5:31 (δοῦναι ἄφεσιν as Diod S 20, 54, 2); 10:43 (λαβεῖν; likew. TestSol 6:10 A; Just., D. 141, 2 al.); 13:38; 26:18; Col 1:14; B 5:1; 6:11; 8:3; 11:1; 16:8; Hm 4, 3, 1ff; AcPl Ha 2, 30. For this ἄ. τ. παραπτωμάτων Eph 1:7; τοῖς παραπτώμασιν ἄ. Hm 4, 4, 4 (cp. ἄφεσις ἁμαρτημάτων Orig., C. Cels. 1, 47, 4); ἄ. abs. in same sense (Hippol., Ref. 6, 41, 2) Mk 3:29; Hb 9:22; 10:18. τὸ τῆς ἀφέσεως what is offered for forgiveness of sins GJs 1:1; αἰτεῖσθαι ἄφεσίν τινι ask forgiveness for someone 1 Cl 53:5 (εὔχεσθαί τε καὶ αἰτεῖν … παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ Just., A I, 61, 2).—ERedlich, The Forgiveness of Sins ’37; VTaylor, Forgiveness and Reconciliation (in the NT) ’41; HThyen, Studien z. Sündenvergebung im NT ’70.—DELG s.v. ἵημι. EDNT. M-M. TW. Spicq.
Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία. 2015.